使用 HTML、CSS 和 JavaScript 构建虚拟键盘

在这篇文章中，我们将使用 HTML、CSS 和 JavaScript 构建一个虚拟键盘。虚拟键盘是一种用户界面组件，允许用户通过点击屏幕上显示的按键来输入文本。我们的键盘将支持标准的字母数字字符、特殊字符以及大写锁定（Caps Lock）功能。

最终输出预览：让我们先来看看最终输出是什么样子。

!virtual-keyboard-preview虚拟键盘

前置知识：

• HTML
• CSS
• JavaScript

实现思路：

• 创建一个 HTML 文件 (index.html) 作为虚拟键盘的主要结构。
• 包含一个 </em></strong></em> 元素，用于显示输入的文本。</li> <li>添加一个 <strong><em><em> <div></em></strong></em> 元素来代表虚拟键盘。我们将使用 JavaScript 动态生成键盘按键。</li> <li>创建一个 <strong><em><em>style.css</em></strong></em> 文件来设置虚拟键盘及其按键的样式。</li> <li>定义键盘布局、按键、背景颜色、字体以及任何其他视觉元素的样式。</li> <li>自定义外观以符合你的设计偏好。</li> <li>创建一个 <strong><em><em>script.js</em></strong></em> 文件来处理虚拟键盘的功能。</li> <li>使用 JavaScript 动态生成键盘按键，并将它们插入到 id 为 "keyboard" 的 <strong><em><em> <div></em></strong></em> 元素中。</li> <li>为按键添加事件监听器以捕获点击事件。</li> <li>处理按键点击并相应地更新 <strong><em><em><textarea></em></strong></em> 中的文本。</li> <li>实现大写锁定（Caps Lock）功能，以在大写和小写字符之间切换。</li> </ul> <p><strong><em><em>示例：</em></strong></em>以下是该项目的实现</p> <p>HTML</p> <p><code><br /> CODEBLOCK_050f82c8<br /> </code></p> <p>CSS</p> <p><code><br /> CODEBLOCK_613d9edb<br /> </code></p> <p>JavaScript</p> <p><code><br /> </code>“</p> <p>// script.js</p> <p>const Keyboard = {</p> <p>elements: {</p> <p>main: null,</p> <p>keysContainer: null,</p> <p>keys: [],</p> <p>capsKey: null,</p> <p>},</p> <p>properties: {</p> <p>value: "",</p> <p>capsLock: false,</p> <p>keyboardInputs: null,</p> <p>keyLayout: [</p> <p>"1",</p> <p>"2",</p> <p>"3",</p> <p>"4",</p> <p>"5",</p> <p>"6",</p> <p>"7",</p> <p>"8",</p> <p>"9",</p> <p>"0",</p> <p>"backspace",</p> <p>"q",</p> <p>"w",</p> <p>"e",</p> <p>"r",</p> <p>"t",</p> <p>"y",</p> <p>"u",</p> <p>"i",</p> <p>"o",</p> <p>"p",</p> <p>"caps",</p> <p>"a",</p> <p>"s",</p> <p>"d",</p> <p>"f",</p> <p>"g",</p> <p>"h",</p> <p>"j",</p> <p>"k",</p> <p>"l",</p> <p>"enter",</p> <p>"done",</p> <p>"z",</p> <p>"x",</p> <p>"c",</p> <p>"v",</p> <p>"b",</p> <p>"n",</p> <p>"m",</p> <p>",",</p> <p>".",</p> <p>"?",</p> <p>"space",</p> <p>],</p> <p>},</p> <p>init() {</p> <p>// create and setup main element</p> <p>this.elements.main =</p> <p>document.createElement("div");</p> <p>this.elements.main.classList</p> <p>.add("keyboard", "keyboard–hidden");</p> <p>document.body</p> <p>.appendChild(this.elements.main);</p> <p>// create and setup child container component</p> <p>this.elements.keysContainer =</p> <p>document.createElement("div");</p> <p>this.elements.keysContainer</p> <p>.classList.add("keyboard<em></em>keys");</p> <p>this.elements.main</p> <p>.appendChild(this.elements.keysContainer);</p> <p>// create and setup key elements</p> <p>this.elements.keysContainer</p> <p>.appendChild(this._createKeys());</p> <p>this.elements.keys =</p> <p>this.elements.keysContainer</p> <p>.querySelectorAll(".keyboard<em></em>key");</p> <p>// open keyboard for elements with .use-keyboard-input</p> <p>this.properties.keyboardInputs =</p> <p>docume</p> </div> <footer class="kratos-entry-footer clearfix"> <div class="post-note">声明：本站所有文章，如无特殊说明或标注，均为本站原创发布。任何个人或组织，在未征得本站同意时，禁止复制、盗用、采集、发布本站内容到任何网站、书籍等各类媒体平台。如若本站内容侵犯了原著者的合法权益，可联系我们进行处理。如需转载，请注明文章出处豆丁博客和来源网址。<a href="https://shluqu.cn/28083.html">https://shluqu.cn/28083.html</a></div> <div class="ph-item"> <div class="ph-col-12"> <div class="ph-rosd"> <div class="ph-col-6 big"> <div 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